Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune thrombophilia causing arterial/venous thrombosis and recurrent pregnancy loss via anti-cardiolipin, anti-beta2-glycoprotein I, and lupus anticoagulant antibodies that activate endothelium and platelets. APS is driven by complement activation, tissue factor upregulation, platelet aggregation, and NET formation. Sea moss fucoidan has demonstrated anti-thrombotic properties via thrombin inhibition and P-selectin/E-selectin blockade; selenium supports endothelial GPx protection against oxidative thrombosis; omega-3 precursors modulate TXA2/PGI2 platelet balance; zinc supports endothelial barrier function. IMPORTANT: anticoagulation (warfarin, heparin, direct oral anticoagulants) is essential in APS -- sea moss MUST NOT replace anticoagulation; use only as supportive nutrition under hematologist guidance.

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